An improved variable forgetting factor sliding window recursive least square-chaotic firefly optimization method for key dynamic parameters identification of lithium-ion batteries with hybrid electrochemical empirical and circuit modeling

Key Points

• Dynamic parameter identification of lithium-ion batteries enhances modeling precision using recursive least square.
• The method integrates chaotic firefly optimization for more efficient prediction of battery behavior.
• Assessment of electrochemical and circuit modeling highlights potential advancements in battery management systems.
• Highlights the need for further research to validate improvements in real-world applications for battery technologies.