What question did this study set out to answer?

To examine tuberculosis notification trends among children and young adolescents in Brazil before and after COVID-19.

March 4, 2026Open Access

Tuberculosis notifications among children and young adolescents, 2008-2019 compared to 2020-2023, Brazil.

ASAntônio Candido Paiva Figueiredo dos SantosPontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul DPDaniele Maria PelissariMinistério da Saúde MBMarcos Otávio Brum-AntunesPontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul

Key Points

To examine tuberculosis notification trends among children and young adolescents in Brazil before and after COVID-19.
Comparison of tuberculosis notification rates from 2008-2019 to 2020-2023
Analysis of the impact of COVID-19 disruptions on underdiagnosis and transmission
Evaluation of progress towards End TB Strategy goals
Increased tuberculosis notification rates observed in 2020-2023 compared to 2008-2019
Higher transmission rates were linked to prior underdiagnosis during the pandemic
Setback noted in achieving targets of the End TB Strategy due to the COVID-19 pandemic

Abstract

COVID-19 disruptions to tuberculosis services led to increased tuberculosis notification rates among Brazilian children and adolescents after the pandemic, due to higher transmission following a period of underdiagnosis. This setback hinders progress towards the End TB Strategy goals.

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