Aims: The present study aimed to examine histologically and compare the immunohistochemical expression of myeloperoxidase between dental apical abscess and granuloma. Materials and Methods: The research involved examining teeth with periapical lesions that were treated with surgery by a skilled surgeon and then studied histologically through post-surgical biopsy samples of the affected region. A set of 60 samples. Twenty granulomas, twenty abscesses, and twenty normal controls were analyzed histologically and immunohistochemically using antibodies targeting myeloperoxidase. Results: Histological examination showed that abscesses had a level of inflammatory cell infiltration (Grade III) higher than granulomas (Grade II) and normal control, with a p value of 0·000 indicating a notable variance in tissue damage between these two conditions; abscesses displayed more extensive tissue damage in comparison to granulomas. In addition to this finding, there was an increase in myeloperoxidase expression detected through analysis within dental abscesses when compared to granulomas; this points towards enhanced inflammatory activity, in abscesses, evidenced by elevated myeloperoxidase levels. Conclusion: The results demonstrate a distinction in tissue damage between abscesses and granulomas, with abscesses showing more pronounced destruction compared to granulomas. The elevated levels of myeloperoxidase in abscesses indicate significant tissue damage. Moreover, analysis of myeloperoxidase could provide perspectives into the pathophysiology of these lesions.
Attarbashee et al. (Sun,) studied this question.