As China’s high-speed railway technology advances, high-speed trains have emerged as a pivotal mode of transportation, instrumental in facilitating passenger and freight mobility while fostering robust regional economic and trade interactions. Nonetheless, the safety of train operations remains a paramount concern, prompting extensive research into the dynamic behavior of critical components, which is essential to ensuring seamless and secure transportation services. This article commences by comprehensively reviewing the current landscape and evolutionary trajectory of dynamic model analysis for both traditional bearings and axle box bearings. Emphasis is placed on elucidating the profound influence of diverse bearing fault types on the system’s kinematic state, alongside delving into the research methodologies employed in developing multi-physics field coupling models. Subsequently, it expounds on the content of investigations focusing on various wheel and track impairments, grounded in the dynamic modeling of the bearing vehicle coupling system. Concurrently, the intricate interplay between wheel-rail excitation and axle box bearing faults on the system’s performance is elucidated. Concludingly, the article underscores the inadequacy of current multi-source fault diagnosis methodologies in tackling the intricacies of complex train operating environments, thereby highlighting its significance as a pressing and vital research agenda for the future.
Wang et al. (Thu,) studied this question.