Wall-bounded channels are widely used in nuclear technologies as heat exchangers in cooling loops and decay heat removal systems, where optimizing hydro-thermal efficacy is crucial. While various channels having two-dimensional sinusoidal corrugations were investigated, a systematic assessment of channels having secondary and three-dimensional sinusoidal corrugations under fully developed laminar flow and constant heat flux conditions is still unexplored. Henceforth, a comparative numerical investigation is conducted to analyze forced convection through channels featuring distinct sinusoidal corrugations. The steady, incompressible, and dimensionless governing equations are solved through the Galerkin finite element method on a periodic three-dimensional computational domain. Parametric variations include Reynolds ( 1000 ≤ R e D ≤ 2000 ) and Prandtl numbers ( 0 . 71 ≤ P r ≤ 2 ) as well as dimensionless corrugation amplitude ( 0 . 02 ≤ a / δ ≤ 0 . 06 ) and wavelength ( 1 ≤ λ / δ ≤ 2 ). The hydro-thermal effectiveness of the corrugated channels is assessed based on the thermal performance factor, which compares the heat transfer improvement over the pumping power penalty with the smooth channel. Extensive analysis reveals that the secondary and three-dimensional sinusoidal corrugations improve hydro-thermal efficiency by 7.7% and 8.7%, respectively, at the highest selected parameters. Moreover, heat transmission increases up to 15.6% in the three-dimensional sinusoidal corrugation at those parameters. These conditions, identified as optimum, ensure improvement of heat transmission over pumping power loss, creating a novel aspect for the secondary and three-dimensional sinusoidal corrugations in the field of nuclear technologies.
Saad et al. (Sun,) studied this question.
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