Bacterial infectious diseases pose a serious challenge to global public health, making the development of rapid, sensitive, and low‐cost bacterial detection technologies critically important. Nanozymes, as a class of nanomaterials exhibiting enzyme‐like activities, demonstrate unique advantages for this purpose due to their outstanding stability, tunable catalytic properties, and multifunctionality. Particularly, oxidoreductase‐mimicking nanozymes exhibit great potential in biosensing. This review systematically summarizes the recent advances of their applications in bacterial detection. We discuss the design principles and synthesis methodologies of metal‐based, oxide‐/sulfide‐based, carbon‐based, and composite nanozymes, followed by their various oxidation–reduction reaction catalytic mechanisms and utilization strategies in designing bacterial assays. Their applications span clinical diagnostics, food safety monitoring, environmental surveillance, and the detection of drug‐resistant bacteria and detection in special scenarios. More importantly, we focus on the strategic approaches to enhance nanozyme‐based detection, including sensitivity improvement, specificity enhancement, detection mode innovation, and function expansion. Finally, the current challenges and future research directions in this field are proposed. This review provides a comprehensive reference for further research and practical application of nanozymes in bacterial detection, aiming to promote the translational application of nanozyme technology in the diagnosis and prevention of infectious diseases.
Wang et al. (Sun,) studied this question.