Abstract Cellulose–polyvinyl alcohol (cell‐PVA) nanocomposites reinforced with varying concentrations of BaFe 0.67 Ti 0.33 O 2.25 (BFT) nanoparticles were successfully fabricated via a combined sol–gel synthesis and in situ polymerization approach. The structural, morphological and dielectric properties were characterized using XRD, Fourier transform IR (FTIR), SEM and impedance spectroscopy. XRD and TEM analyses confirmed the uniform dispersion of BFT nanoparticles (8–28 nm) within the polymer matrix, while FTIR revealed strong interfacial interactions through hydrogen bonding. XRD revealed a significant reduction in polymer crystallinity with increasing BFT loading. Impedance spectroscopy revealed a dramatic reduction in impedance from 1.45 × 10 8 Ω to 3.3 × 10 6 Ω at 10 Hz as the BFT loading increased from 0 wt% to 0.4 wt%, and the Cole–Cole plot proved that bulk resistance decreased from 1.7 × 10 7 Ω to 7.53 × 10 5 Ω, indicating improved conductivity of the composite. Dielectric modulus analysis demonstrated thermally activated relaxation and broadened conduction pathways, making the composites suitable for high‐frequency applications. The use of BFT enables improved dielectric and conductive performance through strengthened interfacial polarization within the cell‐PVA matrix. These findings demonstrate that cell‐PVA@BFT nanocomposites offer a promising platform for flexible electronics, energy storage and biomedical devices. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
Amel Mohamed Abouelnaga (Thu,) studied this question.