What question did this study set out to answer?

To examine trends in opioid agonist treatment for opioid dependence among pregnant individuals from 2005 to 2021.

March 12, 2026Open Access

Trends in Opioid Agonist Treatment for Opioid Dependence During Pregnancy: A Population‐Based Study in New South Wales 2005–2021

DTDuong Thuy TranUNSW Sydney BVBianca VarneyUNSW Sydney NJN. R. JonesUNSW Sydney

Key Points

To examine trends in opioid agonist treatment for opioid dependence among pregnant individuals from 2005 to 2021.
Population-based cohort analysis
Examination of treatment data for opioid agonist treatment during pregnancy
Comparison of treatment types, buprenorphine and methadone
75% of the cohort received opioid agonist treatment during pregnancy
No significant change in annual prevalence from 2005 to 2021
Increased use of buprenorphine suggests need for better treatment retention strategies

Abstract

Three in four people in the cohort received OAT during pregnancy, with no statistically significant change in annual prevalence over the 2005-2021 period. Given prior evidence indicating higher rates of treatment discontinuation with buprenorphine versus methadone, the increased buprenorphine use during pregnancy highlights the need for targeted strategies to support treatment retention.

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