Geopolitical competition in the fields of industry and defense technology is gradually influencing the modern international security order. Technological capabilities are becoming a major source of economic growth, national power and strategic influence, particularly in areas such as digital infrastructure, autonomous systems, semiconductors and artificial intelligence. The paper analyzes how the growing dependence of security on technological superiority affects the change in global power relations, with a special focus on the rivalry of great powers, primarily the United States of America and China. Special attention is paid to the concepts of technological sovereignty, security of supply chains and the role of civil-military convergence in modern national security strategies. The impact of digitalisation, cyber threats and the use of artificial intelligence on global stability, as well as the challenges faced by international and regional institutions in regulating new technologies, are all addressed in this study through a review of the relevant literature. It is concluded that industrial and defense technologies represent one of the central fields of contemporary geopolitical conflicts, the understanding of which is of crucial importance for shaping long-term security strategies and preserving international stability in conditions of accelerated technological changes.
Nikolić et al. (Wed,) studied this question.