This study developed an Academic Self-Management Skills Scale to assess the self-management skills of middle school students. In the first phase, focus group interviews and short-answer forms were administered to students and teachers. Responses were analyzed using open and axial coding, along with thematic analysis, and a draft scale was constructed based on the analysis results. In the second phase, the scale’s validity and reliability were evaluated through a pilot study. The final version was administered to a different student sample, and a cross-validation analysis was conducted. The findings indicate that the scale is a valid and reliable tool for measuring middle school students’ self-management skills.
Kemer et al. (Sat,) studied this question.