Three new studies (Arpa et al. 2026; Kurscheidt et al. 2026; Modena et al. 2026) found that the PIN domains of SMG5 and SMG6, two proteins involved in nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), interact and show that the physiological endonucleolytic activity initiating the degradation of the nonsense mRNA is exerted by this composite catalytic site.
Muhlemann et al. (Wed,) studied this question.