This paper argues that the debate about artificial intelligence is frequently framed in terms of technological capability alone, overlooking the organisational and institutional conditions that enable such capability to operate effectively. Large-scale AI systems require complex infrastructures including global data pipelines, computational resources, specialised hardware, and sustained technical coordination. These infrastructures constitute a technological ecology within which artificial intelligence operates. The paper proposes a conceptual shift from analysing AI primarily as a technological artefact to examining it as an integrated organisational capability embedded within socio-technical systems. The analysis draws on the conceptual framework of Evoluism, which emphasises regimes of coordination and stabilisation in the emergence of complex technological systems. From this perspective, artificial intelligence should be understood not merely as a computational technology but as a coordinated organisational capability arising within specific infrastructural and institutional environments.
M Evoluit (Sat,) studied this question.