Various Aspergilli and mycotoxins in traditional products in Oran, Algeria

This study assessed the fungal population, the presence of toxigenic Aspergillus species and the incidence of aflatoxins and ochratoxin A in 70 traditional cereal-based products samples marketed in Oran city in Algeria. Overall, 59% of the analysed samples showed the presence of fungi. Aspergillus species were the most prevalent, being found in 26-48% of the samples. Molecular identification revealed that the most prevalent species were those of A. flavus. Moreover, A. ostianus, and A. welwitischiae, potentially ochratoxigenic species, were also found. Aflatoxins and ochratoxin A were detected in 58% and 67% of the samples, respectively. Two samples were not compliant with European Union maximum levels: one for aflatoxin B1 and another for ochratoxin A. These findings emphasise the necessity of consistent monitoring of these contaminants in such foods in order to ensure the health of Algerian consumers.