Abstract:: Pharmaceutical biotechnology is a rapidly evolving, multidisciplinary field that has transformed drug design and development by integrating biotechnological innovations into clinical practice. While existing literature extensively documents the growth of biotechnology, few reviews have thoroughly explored the intersection of green and sustainable strategies. This review makes a unique contribution by examining how green chemistry-including biocatalysis, renewable feedstocks, green solvents, and computational approaches-is reshaping pharmaceutical biotechnology. Unlike conventional processes, which are often environmentally hazardous and energy-intensive, the integration of green biotechnology provides a sustainable approach that enhances efficiency, reduces toxicity, minimizes waste, and offers viable alternatives for large-scale industrial applications. Furthermore, this article presents a comprehensive perspective highlighting the synergistic potential of green chemistry and biotechnology in redefining drug design and production through the synthesis of diverse innovations. Its value lies in critically assessing not only recent achievements but also persistent challenges, such as cost, scalability, and regulatory hurdles. Looking ahead, this review emphasizes emerging opportunities, including artificial intelligence- driven predictive modeling, catalytic innovations, next-generation green solvents, and regulatory frameworks that support sustainable practices. These initiatives underscore the crucial role of policymakers in advancing a greener, more resilient pharmaceutical sector. Ultimately, the development of sustainable biotechnology is vital for scientific progress, human health, and environmental preservation. Achieving a sustainable future in the pharmaceutical industry will require a collaborative approach to manage rapid market growth while maximizing economic, environmental, and social sustainability.
Nayak et al. (Mon,) studied this question.