Dust elements are major inorganic constituents of atmospheric particulate matter, and their suspension and dispersion in the atmosphere have substantial implications for climate, human health, and ecological systems. The sources of dust elements at the interface between the Guanzhong Plain and the Qinling Mountains are complex, involving soil erosion in the Guanzhong area, rock weathering in the Qinling Mountains, and anthropogenic dust emissions. To clarify the composition, sources, and distribution characteristics of dust elements in this mountain–plain transition zone, hourly concentrations of atmospheric dust elements were measured using an AMMS-100 atmospheric heavy metal analyzer at the National Observation and Research Station of Regional Ecological Environment Change and Comprehensive Management in the Guanzhong Plain, , Shaanxi Province. The monitoring instrument was regularly maintained, inspected, calibrated, and standardization to ensure the quality and reliability of the collected data. The dataset provides hourly dust element observations from October 2022 to October 2023, and includes seven elements: Al, Si, Ca, Fe, Ti, Ba, and K. This research seeks to clarify the interactions between natural and anthropogenic sources of dust elements in the mountain-plain region, thereby providing a scientific basis for air pollution control and ecological environment protection.
Wang et al. (Sun,) studied this question.