What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to explore the evolution and categorization of secure scan design techniques in circuit design.

March 26, 2026

Evolution of Obfuscation-Based Scan Design Techniques

Key Points

This research aims to explore the evolution and categorization of secure scan design techniques in circuit design.
Survey of existing secure scan design techniques
Identification of various categories and their technical goals
Analysis of attack methods associated with different designs
Introduced primitive techniques for secure scan design using specific gates
Differentiated secure scan techniques into various categories based on attack vulnerabilities
Outlined future research directions for improving secure scan designs

Abstract

Scan chains inserted into the circuit can be exploited as side channels for attackers. This has led to a growing need for secure scan design. The research in the secure scan design started from primitive techniques that involve adding specific gates in the circuit to hinder the interpretation of output data. Subsequently, various attack methods emerged, leading to the differentiation of secure scan design into various categories. In this survey paper, the technical goal of each approach is introduced first. Subsequently, research evolution of secure scan designs is analyzed, aiming to present the directions for future studies.

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