The cruise control systems are designed to maintain a desired speed of the vehicle and they can contribute to the comfort and fuel economy of the vehicle. Although PID controllers are popular for controlling the speed of the vehicle, their performance is highly sensitive to the choice of parameters. This paper presents the application of the Grey Wolf Optimizer algorithm for the optimization of PID controllers of a widely used cruise control system of an automobile by optimizing the Integral of Time-Weighted Squared Error (ITSE). The performance of the derived PID controller is analyzed in the time and frequency domains and the results are compared with the metaheuristic approaches available in the literature for the same plant model. The results show that the GWO optimized controller provides a stable closed-loop response and comparable performance in the time and frequency domains which confirms the applicability of GWO for the optimization of PID controllers of the cruise control system of an automobile.
Abdullah Çakan (Tue,) studied this question.