The absence of direct evidence for new particles at the LHC has shifted the emphasis of the experimental program toward precision measurements as indirect probes of new interactions. The top-quark sector provides a particularly sensitive laboratory within the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT) framework. This article reviews three recent CMS results that constrain electroweak interactions of the top quark: a search for CP violation in associated \ (ttZ\) and \ (tZq\) ） production using CP-odd observables, a multilepton measurement probing the flavor structure of electroweak SMEFT couplings, and a Run 2 statistical combination of complementary top+X analyses. Their interpretation is discussed with explicit attention to EFT truncation, interference versus quadratic contributions, and the role of dimension-eight effects. Prospects for global SMEFT interpretations at the High-Luminosity LHC are examined.
Andrea Piccinelli (Fri,) studied this question.