What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Observational. Population: Acute Myocardial Infarction (n=284). Primary outcome: Cost of Illness and Quality of Life.

What question did this study set out to answer?

The study aims to evaluate the cost of illness and its impact on the quality of life in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

April 1, 2026Open Access

Evaluation of Cost of Illness and Quality of Life in Acute Myocardial lnfarction

Key Result

Acute myocardial infarction imposes a mean societal cost of $1,131.32 per patient, with comorbidities and risk factors significantly associated with higher costs and lower quality of life.

Key Points

The study aims to evaluate the cost of illness and its impact on the quality of life in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
Prospective evaluation of cost and quality of life associated with acute myocardial infarction.
Utilized a bottom-up costing method from multiple perspectives: patient, payer, and societal.
Assessed disease-specific quality of life using the HeartQol questionnaire.
Evaluated general quality of life using the EQ-5D-5L instrument.
The mean cost of AMI per patient was $489.34 from the patient perspective and $1,131.32 from the societal perspective.
Higher costs of illness were linked to the presence of comorbidities and risk factors.
Patients without comorbidities reported significantly higher quality of life scores than those with comorbidities.
Income loss, medical supplies, and direct healthcare services were major contributors to costs.

Study Design

Type

Observational (n=284)

Multicenter

Structured PICO

Population

Patients treated for Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) at a university hospital in Türkiye

Outcome

Cost of Illness (COI) from patient/relatives, payer, and societal perspectives, and Quality of Life (QOL) using HeartQol and EQ-5D-5Lpatient reported

AMI imposes a significant economic and quality-of-life burden, with higher costs and lower QOL strongly associated with the presence of comorbidities and modifiable risk factors.

Limitations

Direct non-medical costs and indirect costs (productivity losses of patients and their relatives) were limited to a maximum of three months.
As there were no specific scores for Türkiye in analyses related to EQ-5D-5L QOL, scores for Germany were used as a proxy.

Abstract

Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) continues to be one of the leading causes of death globally. It is essential to examine its impact on patients' quality of life (QOL) and identify the cost of illness (COI), particularly regarding comorbidities and risk factors. The study aimed to prospectively evaluate the COI associated with AMI, including QOL, risk factors, and comorbidities. This study assessed the COI using a bottom-up costing method, considering the perspectives of patients and their relatives, payers, and society. Disease-specific QOL was assessed using the HeartQol questionnaire, and general QOL was evaluated using the EQ-5D-5L instrument. The mean HeartQol was 2. 13 ± 0. 73; the mean EQ-5D-5L index was 0. 84 ± 0. 24; the mean EQ-VAS was 70. 74 ± 22. 94. The mean cost of AMI per patient was 489. 34 from the patient and relatives' perspective, 641. 98 from the payer's perspective, and 1, 131. 32 from the societal perspective. Patients without comorbidities had significantly higher QOL scores than those with comorbidities. Lower QOL was observed in patients with hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, family history, diabetes, or obesity. Higher COI was associated with the presence of risk factors, and major contributors to cost included income loss, medical supplies, and direct healthcare services. Patients with lower COI reported better QOL compared to those with higher COI. AMI imposes a significant burden in terms of both QOL and cost. Comorbidities and risk factors are associated with lower QOL and higher COI. These findings underscore the importance of preventive strategies and cost-effective management approaches for patients with AMI.

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