Solar panel cleaning and maintenance are important for maximum output. When dirt, debris, and dust settle on the panel surface, then it will not get the maximum amount of sunlight; due to this, energy generation is reduced. For maximum energy generation and efficiency, we use solar panel cleaner robots for cleaning solar panels, as these are designed and developed at low cost and are remote-controlled robotic systems. The main component of solar panel cleaning robot are Arduino UNO, a motor driver (L298N), a DC motor, lithium-ion batteries, a relay module, and other mechanical components, which are a robot chassis, jumper wires, rubber wheels, a pipe/nozzle, a brush, timing belts, etc. A robot is operated through a mobile phone, making it user-friendly and easy to operate. The robot uses a motor-driver, BT module, Arduino UNO, DC motor, roller brush and water nozzle for cleaning a panel and ensuring mostly dirt and dust removal from solar panels. This project uses a cost-effective material, implements economical manufacturing processes and reduces complexity for end users.
Kashyap et al. (Sun,) studied this question.