Fast hot-pressed sintering (FHPs) is an emerging electric field-assisted rapid sintering technology that has evolved from spark plasma sintering (SPS). It employs a continuous direct current heating mechanism coupled with axial pressure, offering distinct advantages such as ultra-high heating rates (up to 1000 °C/min), a wide pressure range (10-150 MPa), high sintering temperatures (up to 2400 °C), low energy consumption, and short processing cycles. This review comprehensively summarizes the recent application progress of FHPs in the fabrication of metallic materials (e.g., refractory metals, high-entropy alloys, rare-earth permanent magnets), ceramic materials (e.g., structural and high-entropy ceramics), and composites (e.g., metal- and ceramic-matrix composites). Comparative analyses with conventional sintering and SPS demonstrate that FHPs enables rapid densification close to the theoretical limit, effectively suppresses grain coarsening and elemental segregation, and consequently enhances the overall performance of diverse materials. Future research directions are prospected, encompassing process optimization, novel material exploration, industrialization scaling, and fundamental mechanism studies. This work aims to provide a systematic reference and to stimulate further developments that will accelerate the industrialization of FHPs for manufacturing advanced high-performance materials.
Jia et al. (Sun,) studied this question.