Purpose: This scoping review maps the literature on factors associated with gait efficacy in community-dwelling older adults, considering its role as both a dependent and independent variable. Methods: The review followed Arksey and O’Malley’s five-stage methodological framework. Eligible studies focus on older adults, gait efficacy as the primary concept, and community settings. PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and APA PsycArticles databases were searched through July 2024. Two reviewers independently applied the selection criteria and systematically extracted data, which were summarized. Results: Fourteen articles met the inclusion criteria, comprising nine cross-sectional studies, three randomized controlled trials, one longitudinal study, and one Pretestposttest study. The findings indicate significant associations between gait efficacy and age, musculoskeletal conditions （e.g. knee osteoarthritis, back and leg pain), physical function （e.g. walking ability, leg agility and walking endurance), and physical activity. Additionally, gait efficacy influences various health outcomes, including physical activity, mobility, physical function, functional limitations, fear of falling, and self-efficacy. Conclusion: This is the first review to identify key factors associated with gait efficacy in older adults. Gait efficacy was associated with age, musculoskeletal conditions, physical function, and physical activity, which can be determinants of fall risk.
Nur’amalia et al. (Fri,) studied this question.