Definitions of geodynamic hazard and associated subsoil use risks are discussed. It is shown that these concepts are not synonymous. Geodynamic hazard reflects the likelihood of a hazardous geodynamic (deformational) phenomenon that could disrupt the sustainable operation of a subsoil resource. Geodynamic risk is the likelihood of material losses from hazardous geodynamic (deformational) processes, which are highest in dangerous fault zones. Examples of emergency situations at various subsoil use facilities are provided. At a number of oil and gas fields, anomalous deformations of the earth’s surface in fault zones led to accidents at wells and pipelines. Deformational activation of fault zones during construction led to abnormally high deformations in Moscow Metro tunnels. Modified geomechanical models of anomalous surface deformations in tensile fault zones and developed oil and gas reservoirs have been developed, taking into account the dead weight of the geological environment. Surface displacement amplitudes for models that take this deadweight into account are 10–20% greater than for weightless models. This factor has been shown to improve the effectiveness of geodynamic hazard assessment methods for subsoil use sites.
Y. O. Kuzmin (Mon,) studied this question.