The paper presents a mechanistic model of an electric arc furnace (EAF), covering thermal, mass‐transfer, and chemical processes. It represents a next step in the field of EAF modeling, building on the basis of our previous work; however, it incorporates substantial enhancements, including newly developed modules for heat and mass transfer, melting geometry, radiation, slag behavior, chemical reactions, off‐gas dynamics, and arc–slag interactions. These improvements lead to inclusion of more EAF processes, their accurate representation, and higher calculation accuracy, thus resolving several limitations of the previous model. Furthermore, parameterization and validation of the model using EAF measurements have shown that the model prediction errors for bath temperatures are between 10°C and 20°C, the errors for bath and slag chemistry around 20%, while the off‐gas composition and temperature errors are below 20%. These measures show that the model describes all crucial mechanisms of the EAF with sufficient detail, and can thus provide a useful tool for either process simulation, monitoring, or optimization.
Logar et al. (Thu,) studied this question.