The study was focused on identifying the main metabolic signs of toxic shock syndrome in the Holstein cows with the use of examples for feed intoxication caused by combined mycotoxicosis to adjust preventive care strategy. The biochemical research data on blood serum sampled from the cows with diarrhea symptoms were analyzed. The investigation was conducted at the reference of feeds containing mycotoxins. The analysis of haylage and silage samples revealed T-2 toxin, deoxynivalenol (DON), aflatoxin, and zearalenone in them. The maximum permissible levels of T-2 toxin, DON, and aflatoxin were found elevated in the alfalfa haylage sample, while the T-2 toxin excessive accumulation was revealed in the annual-grass haylage sample. The animal forage contaminated with mycotoxins has negative impacts on the cow health status and biochemical profile. In addition, Cl. difficile type A was detected in 50.0% of feed samples, which is often regarded as the main cause of the inflammatory responses in the animal gastrointestinal tract. The clinical examination showed that most cows experienced major depression, reduced feed intake, rumen hypotension, and symptoms of diarrhea accompanied by dehydration in 60.0% of cases. Metabolic shifts in the biochemical profile of cows were nonspecific, indicating two pathological biochemical syndromes: intoxication and trophic insufficiency. Thus, hyperchloremia (117.03 ± 3.99 mmol/L chloride content) and azotemia (7.14 ± 2.32 mmol/L urea content) are assigned to the priority metabolic disorders recorded in more than 65.0% of the test cows. The incidence rates of metabolic disorders of protein, lipid, mineral and carbohydrate metabolism in the animals kept in the unfavorable agricultural enterprise did not exceed 30%. Feeds contaminated with mycotoxins had a persistent negative impact on the hepatobiliary system of cows, rising the serum contents of aspartate aminotransferase, glutamate dehydrogenase, and gamma-glutamyl transferase in 90.0, 23.3, and 60.0% of animals, respectively, which can indicate a wide spread of hepatopathies.
Belousov et al. (Fri,) studied this question.