This record contains the original Japanese version of the paper and an English reference translation. This paper provides a short introduction to the Survival-Breakdown Model (SBM). Its central claim is that economic theory should not begin from optimization, equilibrium, or aggregate consistency taken by themselves, but from the prior conditions of constitution, survivability, basic feasibility, and continuation. The paper presents this argument in compact form. It outlines the explanatory order proposed by SBM, provides a minimal formal sketch of survival, breakdown, basic feasibility, and continuation balance, and explains why demand-supply theory, general equilibrium theory, and macroeconomics should be repositioned as lower-order and conditionally valid theories rather than universal first principles. The paper also clarifies what SBM does not claim. It does not deny that standard theory can formally represent hardship or breakdown-like states in some ways; it does not merely add one more severe constraint to optimization; and it does not present itself as a fully completed closed system. Rather, SBM is presented as a theory of prior conditions and as a research program with an established core and an open frontier. This paper is intended as an entry point to the broader SBM program. It should be read together with the three existing core papers: the foundational paper, the reclassification paper, and the clarification paper. The Japanese version is the authoritative original for interpretation. The English version is provided for reference only as supplementary material accompanying the original Japanese paper.
Toyoharu Higuchi (Thu,) studied this question.