This study aims to explore and analyze the biomass-driven nonlocal resonance shift of a functional microsystem composed of a double microstructure from functionally graded porous (FGP) materials. This microstructural design features a sandwich that includes surface layers, along with perforated core containing a regular network of periodic square holes (PSH). The investigation examines key factors, including nonlocal behavior, adatoms distribution, as well as applied magnetism. A practical model was developed, relying on a distribution-based approach to describe the adsorption energy resulting from the interactions between receptors and spike. To evaluate the adsorption energies resulting from interactions, the potentials were incorporated, alongside the development of an explicit formulation using Rayleigh beam model, while Euler-Bernoulli beam model were enhanced by modifying the coupled equations. Thebiomass-driven resonanceswere solved using Navier-type method (NTM) and differential quadrature method (DQM) to determine induced shift. This consideration provides a deeper understanding of stress interactions and their influence on the system’s dynamic response. The results show that interatomic interactions enhance compliance and therefore must be accounted for. The developed model provides an effective analysis of micro-resonator behavior, with precise recovery of biomassed loadings and spike-protein/virus densities despite strong adsorption bonds, thereby improving the reliability of biomass-sensing applications in composite MEMS devices. The significance of the present study arises from the need to understand the nonlinear coupling among atomic adsorption, material gradation, and magnetic fields in porous micro-resonators, as these factors have a direct influence on resonance stability and sensing precision.Such understanding provides an engineering foundation for designing high-performance MEMS/NEMS sensors capable of detecting nanoscale mass variations with enhanced accuracy and reliability.
Djellali et al. (Mon,) studied this question.