Purpose This study aims to examine the types of initiatives planned and undertaken by higher education institutions (HEIs) in campus operations, in progressing from “campus greening” to regenerative sustainability. Design/methodology/approach This study used a mix of qualitative and quantitative methods. The research was conducted among 62 out of 64 Polish public academic HEIs. Content analysis of HEIs’ institutional strategies was supplemented by a structured survey application targeting campus managers. Thirty-one valid responses were obtained (50% response rate). The survey used a five-point Likert scale. Data analysis included descriptive statistical techniques. The Mann–Whitney U test was used to examine the differences in answers between various types of HEIs. Findings The empirical findings reveal a limited level of engagement and implementation of initiatives in campus operations of Polish public academic HEIs, intending to neutralise or contribute to positive environmental impact and regenerative growth. Their efforts have primarily focused on legally mandated actions or less capital-intensive, communication-oriented practices, aimed at reducing the campus’s negative impact on the environment. Research limitations/implications The study focused on sustainability initiatives in public academic HEIs within only one country. Before empirical evidence can be generalised, there is a need to conduct similar studies in other countries, as different or additional initiatives may be relevant in other HEI contexts. Practical implications This study offers implications for higher education leaders, serving as a foundation for evidence-based management. It provides recommendations on sustainable initiatives (based on comparisons with leading foreign counterparts) that can not only enhance HEIs’ standings in green rankings and economic benefits (primarily through cost savings) but also position them as exemplary in fostering sustainable performance. Additionally, the research supplies central authorities with valuable insights to inform the development of higher education policies. Originality/value The study contributes to the existing literature by introducing a classification of initiatives ranging from reducing the campus’s negative environmental impact to achieving a positive one and contributing to regenerative growth. The research also offers pioneering empirical evidence on sustainability initiatives in campus operations within Polish public academic HEIs.
Małgorzata Rymarzak (Fri,) studied this question.