Abstract Introduction: Obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are rapidly increasing in India. Although newer glucagon-like peptide/glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GLP-1/GIP) receptor agonists have demonstrated considerable efficacy in weight loss, real-world evidence from the Indian population is lacking. This study evaluated the response to semaglutide and tirzepatide in overweight/obese individuals in routine clinical practice. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was conducted at a tertiary centre in New Delhi, India. Data from 150 overweight/obese participants (74 with T2D, 76 without T2D) treated with semaglutide/tirzepatide over 6 months were analysed. Outcomes included percentage weight loss, achievement of predefined weight-loss thresholds, time-to-event (≥10% weight loss), and determinants of time-to-event. Non-parametric tests and Cox proportional hazard regression were used for analysis. Results: The median weight loss was 8.2% (4.93–13.66). Participants without T2D achieved significantly greater weight loss than those with T2D (11.21% vs 5.48%, P < 0.001). Tirzepatide was associated with greater weight loss compared with semaglutide (8.60% vs 5.62%, P = 0.023). Sixty-two participants (41.3%) achieved a weight loss of ≥10%, with a median time-to-event of 9.5 months. Multivariable analysis identified younger age, tirzepatide use, and GLP1 treatment naivety as determinants of faster achievement of ≥10% weight loss. Diabetes status was not associated with faster achievement of ≥10% weight loss. Conclusion: In this real-world Indian cohort, GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists were effective means for weight loss in obese adults, with or without T2D. The magnitude and speed of weight loss outcomes may help in personalising therapy and setting expectations when initiating newer GLP-1/GIP receptor agonists.
Jarso et al. (Mon,) studied this question.