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This study investigates differences in oxidative stress markers during glucose tolerance tests in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.

April 12, 2026Open Access

Comparison of biochemical oxidative stress markers of glucose tolerance tests performed for

Key Points

This study investigates differences in oxidative stress markers during glucose tolerance tests in pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.
Cross-sectional case-control study design
41 participants underwent 50-g glucose challenge test
47 participants underwent 75-g oral glucose tolerance test
Assessment of oxidative stress markers including sirtuin, thiols, and IMA at baseline and after testing
Comparison of oxidative stress marker levels between the two groups
Native thiol and total thiol levels were lower in the 75-g OGTT group at hour 1 compared to the 50-g GCT group.
Disulfide levels were lower in the 75-g OGTT group at both hour 0 and hour 1.
The IMA value at hour 1 was higher in the 75-g OGTT group compared to the 50-g GCT group.
The SIRT value increased significantly in the 50-g GCT group at hour 1 compared to baseline.
The 75-g OGTT group exhibited significant changes in oxidative stress status, indicating a pro-oxidant shift.

Abstract

This study aimed to investigated whether any differences in the oxidative stress (OS) occurred between the two different methods used in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) screening. In this cross-sectional case-control study, 41 women and 47 women in the 24th-28th weeks of pregnancy underwent a 50-g glucose challenge test (GCT) (Group 1) and 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) (Group 2), respectively. The levels of sirtuin (SIRT), total thiol, native thiol, disulfide, native SS, SS total SH, IMA, albumin, and adjusted-Ischemia Modified Albumin (IMA) were tested. The OS marker values of the hour-0 and hour-1 were compared in these two groups. The levels of native thiol in hour 1, total thiol in hour 1, disulfide in hour 0 and 1, disulfide/native thiol in hour 0 and 1, disulfide/total thiol in hour 0 and 1, and adj.-IMA in hour 1 were statistically significantly lower in group 2 compared to group 1. The IMA value in hour 1 was higher in group 2 compared to group 1. The SIRT value in hour-1 was statistically significantly higher compared to the baseline in pregnant women undergoing the 50-g GCT. In pregnant women undergoing the 75-g OGTT; The SIRT value, the disulfide/total thiol ratio, and the IMA values in hour-1 were statistically significantly higher compared to the baseline and the native thiol values, the total thiol levels, and the albumin levels in hour 1 were statistically significantly lower compared to the baseline. The 75-g OGTT, but not the 50-g GCT, induced a significant acute pro-oxidant shift, altering thiol/disulfide homeostasis and increasing IMA levels.

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