What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to assess the effectiveness of GFAP in ruling out intracranial hemorrhage in suspected stroke cases.

April 16, 2026Neurology Open Access0 citationsOpen Access

Refining Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Diagnostics for Prehospital Stroke Triage

OMOlli S. Mattila MKMarkku Kuisma SPSaana Pihlasviita

Key Points

This research aims to assess the effectiveness of GFAP in ruling out intracranial hemorrhage in suspected stroke cases.
Conducted as a prospective observational study
Included unselected stroke-code patient cohort
Focused on patients with acute cerebral ischemia and stroke mimics
Evaluated the diagnostic performance of plasma GFAP
GFAP demonstrated potential for ultra-early rule-out of intracranial hemorrhage
Enhanced triage decisions and early management of patients
May improve preparation for receiving hospitals

Abstract

When stroke is suspected in the prehospital setting, the ability to rule out intracranial hemorrhage (ICrH) in all ambulances would guide triage decisions, steer early management of hemodynamics, and help prepare the receiving hospital. In this prospective observational study, we investigated the diagnostic performance of plasma glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) for ultra-early rule-out of ICrH in acute cerebral ischemia (ACI) and stroke mimic (SM) patients in a large, unselected stroke-code patient cohort.

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