Pharmacoepigenetics and personalized medicine

Epigenetics and pharmacoepigenetics provide a new perspective on the variability of drug response, complementing the explanations offered by pharmacogenetics and supporting the development of personalized medicine. Epigenetic modifications, such as DNA methylation and histone modifications, regulate the expression of genes involved in pathological processes and drug metabolism, influencing both the efficacy and safety of therapy. In oncology, these mechanisms represent important therapeutic targets, and epidrugs, such as DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and histone deacetylase inhibitors, are already used in the treatment of certain hematologic malignancies. The applications of pharmacoepigenetics also extend to other fields, including neuropsychiatric disorders and opioid dependence.