The Shandong Seismic Network is a key component of the China Earthquake Networks Center and one of the most advanced regional seismic monitoring systems in the country. It comprises four complementary observational subnetworks: (1) a traditional broadband seismic network consisting of 124 stations installed on bedrock or in deep boreholes; (2) an earthquake early warning (EEW) strong-motion network with 238 strong-motion sensors deployed on bedrock or shallow soil; (3) an EEW MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) network comprising approximately 1,230 low-cost sensors mounted on building floors or walls; and (4) a seismic array of 77 broadband seismometers installed in shallow boreholes on stable ground. Together, these four subnetworks operate a total of 1,669 instruments, providing multi-scale observational data that are critical for detailed characterization of source rupture processes during moderate-to-strong earthquakes. In this study, we analyze the M5.5 Pingyuan earthquake that struck Shandong Province on August 6, 2023 (Beijing Time, UTC+8) using data from this integrated network. Our results show that: the high-density MEMS network is sufficient for rapid post-event inversion of the rupture process, yet its inversion accuracy is somewhat limited; the strong-motion network enables stable and efficient rapid finite-fault inversion; and multi-source data fusion yields the most reliable post-earthquake source rupture model. These capabilities support quasi-real-time (within 30 minutes of the origin time), rapid, and refined imaging of earthquake rupture processes, offering critical guidance for emergency response and optimization of regional seismic networks.
Wang et al. (Fri,) studied this question.