Abstract In this paper, the efficiency of direct charged particle detection with different silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) sensors has been measured to be close to 100%. A time resolution of about 20 ps has also been confirmed for sensors with an active area of about 3 × 3 mm^ {2} mm 2 and a single-cell pitch of area of 40 × 40 µ m^ {2} m 2. In addition, the SiPM performance after irradiation, in terms of timing response and dark count rate, has been evaluated for sensors with a 1 × 1 mm^ {2} mm 2 area, demonstrating that SiPMs can maintain excellent timing capabilities and a low dark count rate when an appropriate threshold is applied to the signal.
Sabiu et al. (Fri,) studied this question.