Understanding the interplay between perceived expectancy, instrumentality, and valence in student volunteerism: implications for human capital sustainability in Malaysia

Key Points

• To examine how perceived expectancy, instrumentality, and valence influence student volunteerism and its impact on human capital in Malaysia.
• Qualitative analysis of student motivations for volunteering
• Assessment of perceived expectancy, instrumentality, and valence through surveys
• Evaluation of human capital sustainability implications
• Identified key motivators affecting student volunteerism
• Found a strong relationship between perceived expectancy and volunteer commitment
• Revealed implications for enhancing human capital in Malaysia through effective volunteer engagement