摘要 传统地磁翻转理论依托液态外核发电机效应失稳假说,难以合理解释翻转周期的非均一性、地理极与地磁极的解耦等关键观测事实,且其关于固态铁镍内核无稳定宏观永磁矩的核心假设,缺乏极端温压条件下的实验验证和物理推导支撑。本文从地球固态铁镍内核–液态铁镍外核–硅酸盐地幔的圈层结构物理本质出发,提出地球主磁场的唯一源为固态铁镍内核的天然宏观永磁矩的核心假说;通过铁镍质量–磁矩的定量缩比验证,证实内核永磁属性足以产生与实测值同量级的地球磁场,无需依赖液态外核发电机效应。本文明确地磁翻转并非内核磁矩的自发反转,而是内核永磁矩的宇宙空间定向扭力与地幔自转惯性力形成持续力学对抗,驱动内核与地幔发生非同步差速自转,进而产生累积性相对角位移,最终导致内核磁轴相对地幔自转轴实现180°空间错位的结果;将地球斜轴自转、公转角动量惯性纳入动力学体系,阐明圈层差速、斜轴几何条件与天体惯性耦合驱动磁轴完成180°稳定反转的完整机制。同时,识别固态内核生长、液态外核粘滞性演化、地幔质量分布波动为调控差速自转速率与翻转周期的核心圈层动力学变量,揭示外核粘滞性的阶段性演化是地磁翻转周期差异性和超静磁期形成的核心成因;首次提出地球地理轴、地磁轴、外核流体轴“一稳两动、双轴互驱”的圈层动力学空间模型,阐释三轴耦合的本质是地球内部刚体力学与流体力学在磁场介导下的空间博弈。本文以高压物理“居里温度抬升效应”为理论基础,通过经典力学完成外核粘滞性临界值、地磁翻转时间尺度、公转角动量修正力矩的量级估算,结果与古地磁观测、地球物理实测高度吻合;设计金刚石压腔结合同步辐射的极端高压实验方案,将核心假设转化为可检验、可证伪的科学预言;提出“慢变量积累+快变量触发”的非线性翻转触发机制,实现理论逻辑闭环;同时兼容传统发电机理论对次生现象的拟合结果,从底层物理解释磁源本质和长周期演化规律。本理论回归经典物理规律,逻辑严密、可定量、可验证,完美兼容古地磁与现代地磁的所有核心观测事实,为地磁起源与翻转机制提供了全新的、自洽的底层统一解释。地磁活动是地球磁场动态变化与活性特征的直接表现。 Abstract Traditional theories of geomagnetic reversal, which rely on the instability hypothesis of the liquid outer core dynamo effect, struggle to reasonably explain key observational facts such as heterogeneous reversal periodicity and the decoupling between geographic poles and geomagnetic poles. Moreover, their core assumption that the solid iron-nickel inner core has no stable macroscopic permanent magnetic moment lacks experimental verification and physical derivation under extreme temperature and pressure conditions. Based on the Earth’s layered structure consisting of the solid inner core, liquid outer core, and silicate mantle, this paper proposes that the Earth’s main magnetic field originates entirely from the natural macroscopic permanent magnetic moment of the solid iron-nickel inner core. Quantitative mass-magnetic moment scaling confirms that the permanent magnetism of the inner core alone can generate a magnetic field consistent with observations, independent of the liquid outer core dynamo effect. This paper demonstrates that geomagnetic reversal is not spontaneous inversion of the inner core magnetic moment, but a 180° spatial misalignment between the inner core magnetic axis and the mantle rotation axis caused by persistent mechanical competition between the cosmic directional torque of the inner core permanent magnetism and the rotational inertia of the mantle, which drives asynchronous differential rotation and cumulative relative angular displacement. By incorporating oblique rotation and orbital angular momentum inertia, this work clarifies the complete mechanism of stable 180° magnetic axis reversal driven by layered differential rotation, oblique geometry, and celestial inertia coupling. The growth of the solid inner core, viscosity evolution of the liquid outer core, and mantle mass distribution fluctuations are identified as key variables governing differential rotation and reversal periodicity. The staged evolution of outer core viscosity is revealed as the primary cause of reversal periodic diversity and superchron formation. This paper first proposes a three-axis coupling model comprising the geographic axis, geomagnetic axis, and outer core fluid axis, explaining that three-axis coupling reflects the spatial interaction between rigid-body mechanics and fluid mechanics within the Earth mediated by the magnetic field. Using the Curie temperature elevation effect in high-pressure physics and classical mechanics, this study estimates the critical outer core viscosity, geomagnetic reversal timescale, and orbital angular momentum correction torque, all in strong agreement with paleomagnetic and geophysical measurements. An extreme high-pressure experimental scheme using a diamond anvil cell and synchrotron radiation is designed to test and falsify core hypotheses. A nonlinear triggering mechanism of “slow variable accumulation plus fast variable triggering” is proposed to form a logically closed theoretical framework. This theory is compatible with fitting results of the traditional dynamo theory for secondary phenomena, explains the fundamental nature of the magnetic source and long-term evolution, and provides a new, self-consistent, unified physical explanation for the origin of geomagnetism and reversal mechanisms. Geomagnetic activity is the direct manifestation of the dynamic variation and active characteristics of the Earth’s magnetic field.
振峰 卞 (Fri,) studied this question.