What question did this study set out to answer?

This research aims to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells by engineering the interfacial dynamics.

April 22, 2026ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces0 citations

Dual-Action Self-Assembled Monolayer Synchronizes SnO 2 /Perovskite Interface and Crystallization for Superior Perovskite Photovoltaics

HLHua LiYan'an University HBHua̅n BìUniversity of Electro-Communications YJYidan JinYan'an University

Key Points

This research aims to enhance the performance of perovskite solar cells by engineering the interfacial dynamics.
Proposed the use of hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid (HOSA) as an interfacial layer for solar cells.
Conducted experimental and computational analyses to evaluate the effectiveness of HOSA in defect passivation and charge extraction.
Assessed device performance through power conversion efficiency (PCE) and durability tests under continuous illumination and thermal aging.
HOSA-modified devices achieved a champion PCE of 24.22%, outperforming reference cells at 22.34%.
Unencapsulated devices retained 78% of initial efficiency after 500 hours of light exposure and 71% after 1000 hours of thermal aging at 65 °C.
The dual-interaction mechanism effectively reduced defects and enhanced crystallization, contributing to better device performance.

Abstract

Despite the remarkable advancement of metal halide perovskite solar cells (PSCs) achieving power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) reaching 27.3%, suppressing nonradiative recombination at critical interfaces remains pivotal to unlocking their full performance potential and ensuring operational longevity. A promising solution lies in interfacial engineering, as exemplified by self-assembled molecular interlayers designed for defect passivation. Here, we propose hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid (HOSA) as a multifunctional molecular bridge at the tin oxide (SnO2)/perovskite buried interface. Experimental and computational analyses reveal that HOSA's sulfonic acid (-SO3H) and amine (-NH2) groups anchor to SnO2 via ester linkages and coordinate with undercoordinated Pb2+ defects in the perovskite, respectively. This dual-interaction mechanism simultaneously passivates interfacial traps, enhances charge extraction kinetics, and promotes perovskite crystallization with reduced lattice strain. Consequently, the HOSA-modified devices achieve a champion PCE of 24.22%, surpassing the reference cells (22.34%) while delivering enhanced durability: unencapsulated devices retain 78% of initial efficiency under continuous 1 sun illumination (500 h) and 71% after thermal aging (65 °C, N2, 1000 h). This work underscores the efficacy of rationally engineered molecular interlayers in harmonizing interfacial energetics and defect dynamics for high-performance perovskite photovoltaics.

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