Weekly pulmonary delivery of β-glucan-chitosan-poly(lactic co-glycolic) acid (β-C-P) nanoparticles with daily standard oral therapy achieves control of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in BALB/c mice

Key Points

• The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of β-glucan-chitosan-poly(lactic co-glycolic) acid nanoparticles in controlling Mycobacterium tuberculosis with reduced dosing frequency.
• Developed rifampin-loaded β-C-P nanoparticles for pulmonary delivery.
• Combined weekly nanoparticle instillation with daily oral isoniazid and pyrazinamide.
• Evaluated efficacy and safety in BALB/c mice.
• Weekly instilled RIF-loaded β-C-P nanoparticles significantly reduced bacterial burdens in lungs and spleen.
• Efficacy was comparable to standard daily therapy with reduced dosage frequency.
• The regimen was well tolerated, indicating potential for improved adherence.