Developing effective CO2 separation technology is essential to ensure environmental remediation. In this endeavor, mixed matrix membranes (MMMs), which synergistically integrate polymer matrices with functional nanofillers (e.g., metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), covalent organic frameworks (COFs), graphene oxide (GO), clay, etc.), have emerged as a frontier in CO2 separation. Among the diverse spectrum of nanofillers, MXenes, a class of 2D transition metal carbides, nitrides, and carbonitrides, stand out for their tunable layered structure and rich surface functional groups. These features enable molecular sieving pathways, improve polymer-filler interfacial compatibility, reduce agglomeration, and optimize membrane morphology. In this review, the progress of MXene-based MMMs for CO2 separation is critically examined, with an emphasis on structural characteristics, synthesis techniques, CO2 transport mechanism, and underpinning interfacial dynamics. The review also covers limitations such as defects, aging, stability, and scalability as drivers of innovation, and highlights prospects for sustainable, high-performance, and industrially applicable CO2 separation membranes.
Goswami et al. (Mon,) studied this question.