Microstrip patch antennas are widely used in modern wireless communication systems due to their compact size, low profile structure, and ease of fabrication. In recent years, U-slot microstrip patch antennas have gained significant attention because they provide improved bandwidth, multiband operation, and enhanced radiation characteristics. In this research work, a U-slot microstrip patch antenna is designed and analyzed for dual-band wireless communication applications. The antenna operates at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz frequency bands, which are widely used in IoT and wireless communication systems such as Wi-Fi and WLAN. The antenna is designed on an FR-4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4 and a thickness of 1.6 mm. The design parameters, including patch dimensions, feed line configuration, and U-slot geometry, are carefully optimized to achieve efficient radiation performance and stable operation. The introduction of the U-shaped slot plays a crucial role in improving the bandwidth and enabling dual-band functionality without increasing the overall antenna size. The simulated results show good impedance matching with return loss values below −10 dB at both operating frequencies. In addition, the antenna demonstrates stable radiation patterns and satisfactory gain, making it suitable for reliable wireless communication.
Patle et al. (Wed,) studied this question.