6-shogaol inhibiting breast cancer cells metastasis via intervening in neutrophil extracellular traps

Key Points

• This research investigates how tumor-associated neutrophils affect breast cancer cell behavior and the role of 6-shogaol in modulating this interaction.
• Isolated and identified mouse neutrophils and co-cultured them with 4T1 breast cancer cells.
• Conducted various assays to evaluate the effects of tumor-associated neutrophils and 6-shogaol on cancer cell proliferation, adhesion, and invasiveness.
• Utilized ELISA and confocal microscopy to assess inflammatory factor secretion and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) release.
• Tumor-associated neutrophils significantly enhance 4T1 cell proliferation, adhesion, migration, and invasiveness.
• 6-shogaol reverses these promoting effects and reduces the secretion of inflammatory factors like TNF-α and IL-6.
• 6-shogaol inhibits excessive NET release induced by tumors, leading to decreased tumor cell capture by neutrophils.