Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used medications that modulate gastric acid secretion. This literature review explores the current scientific consensus on the effects of PPIs on major macro- and micronutrients effect in the human body, with a focus on day-to-day medical practice. The macronutrients analyzed in this narrative review were proteins, lipids and carbohydrates; the micronutrients were sodium, potassium, iron, calcium, magnesium, zinc, copper and the vitamins B12, B9, C and D. The sources demonstrated clinically relevant negative changes in the absorption of iron, calcium, magnesium, vitamin B12 and vitamin C and a clinically relevant positive effect on lipid absorption. It is recommended to evaluate special supplementation of iron, calcium, magnesium and vitamin C, as well as vitamin B12 for at-risk individuals and, also, in case of chronic treatment, special nutritional counseling for a lipid reduced diet and close monitoring of the relevant blood parameters are advisable.
Merker et al. (Thu,) studied this question.