Abstract: - In this review paper, a comprehensive and detailed study of previously published research works related to seismic analysis of regular and irregular buildings has been carried out. The study focuses on understanding the effect of various parameters such as plan irregularity, vertical irregularity, soil conditions, seismic zones, short column effect, and different analysis methods on the structural performance of buildings. From the detailed literature review, it is observed that regular buildings perform better under seismic loads due to uniform distribution of mass and stiffness, whereas irregular buildings show complex behavior due to discontinuity in geometry, resulting in higher displacement, storey drift, and torsional effects. It is also found that soil conditions play a very important role in seismic response, where soft soil increases displacement and amplification of vibrations compared to hard soil. The study also highlights that dynamic analysis methods such as response spectrum analysis and time history analysis provide more accurate and realistic results compared to static analysis methods. Additionally, the presence of short columns in buildings, especially in sloping ground conditions, leads to higher stiffness and attracts larger forces, making them more vulnerable to failure. The main objective of this review is to identify important parameters affecting the seismic behavior of buildings and to highlight the research gaps in existing studies. This paper will help researchers, engineers, and designers in understanding the complex behavior of structures and adopting suitable design techniques for safe, economical, and sustainable construction in earthquake-prone areas.
Beniwale et al. (Fri,) studied this question.