What question did this study set out to answer?

The aim is to explore how large language models contribute to misconceptions in research understanding.

April 24, 2026Computational Brain & Behavior0 citationsOpen Access

Illusions of Understanding from Outsourcing Thinking to LLMs

Key Points

The aim is to explore how large language models contribute to misconceptions in research understanding.
Analysis of the impact of LLMs on cognitive biases in research.
Evaluation of critical thinking strategies to mitigate misunderstandings.
Increased use of LLMs correlates with more frequent illusions of understanding.
Critical thinking can help reduce the risk of misinterpretation and cognitive errors.

Abstract

Some illusions of understanding are an inevitable part of the research process, while others can be avoided or overcome by careful critical thinking and observation. We are facing an increased risk of avoidable illusions as more research activities are delegated to large language models (LMM). LLMs can be useful but they cannot think, and their use can undermine our thinking and understanding. Thinking for ourselves is hard and error prone but worthwhile - and there are no shortcuts to understanding.

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