ABSTRACT This study developed a composite material using organically modified bentonite as a carrier for zerovalent aluminum (ZVAl) to create an integrated adsorption–oxidation–reduction system for treating tetracycline hydrochloride (TCH) wastewater. The unique lamellar structure and abundant hydrophobic functional groups of organic bentonite effectively prevent ZVAl particle agglomeration, while partially isolating ZVAl from water contact, thus minimizing side reactions and significantly enhancing ZVAl stability. Through systematic optimization, the optimal conditions were determined as follows: 1.09 g dosage, 42.08% loading rate, pH 3.39, and 50°C reaction temperature. Under these conditions, TCH achieved remarkable removal efficiencies of 96.06%, representing a 40.3% improvement over pure ZVAl. Kinetic and isotherm analyses confirmed the process follows pseudo‐second‐order kinetics and the Freundlich model. Free radical quenching experiments confirmed that ·OH radicals are the primary oxidative species. In conclusion, organic bentonite loaded with ZVAl represents an effective and promising material for the treatment of recalcitrant organic wastewater.
Liu et al. (Wed,) studied this question.
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