Electromagnetohydrodynamic (EMHD) flow over deforming surfaces has attracted considerable attention due to its importance in controlling transport phenomena in electrically conducting fluids. In this study, the characteristics of EMHD fluid flow and heat transfer over an exponentially expanding surface are investigated, accounting for the effects of thermal radiation and Joule heating. The governing nonlinear boundary layer equations, incorporating electromagnetic body forces, exponential surface expansion, and energy dissipation, are transformed into a solvable form and handled using the Fourier transform technique, which provides an efficient and accurate framework for analyzing the flow system. Thermal radiation is modeled using the Rosseland approximation to capture radiative heat flux within the fluid. Numerical evaluation of the transformed solutions is carried out to examine the influence of key dimensionless parameters on velocity and temperature distributions. The results indicate that an increase in the Prandtl number leads to a reduction in temperature profiles, reflecting enhanced thermal diffusion effects. Additionally, an increase in magnetic field strength suppresses the fluid velocity while thickening the thermal boundary layer, whereas higher radiation parameters elevate the temperature distribution within the flow domain. The exponential expansion parameter is also found to significantly influence both momentum and thermal fields. Overall, the study provides deeper insight into the behavior of EMHD flows over exponentially expanding surfaces and demonstrates the effectiveness of the Fourier transform approach in predicting heat transfer and flow characteristics in such systems.
Ojo et al. (Thu,) studied this question.