Gender differences in personality are consistently documented, and women typically score higher than men on Neuroticism and Agreeableness across cultural contexts. The Cybernetic Big Five Theory expands the Big Five framework by dividing each domain into two correlated aspects, providing a more detailed understanding of gender-related differences in personality. This study aimed to replicate and extend the work of Weisberg et al. (2011) on gender differences in domains and aspects of personality by examining these phenomena in a large non-WEIRD sample of Brazilian adults ( N = 1200, 834 women, 366 men) who completed the Big Five Aspects Scale. We estimated gender differences at the domain and aspect levels, controlling for age and education. Women scored higher than men on Neuroticism, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness, and specifically on Withdrawal, Volatility, Compassion, Politeness, Orderliness, and Openness aspects, whereas men scored higher on Intellect. Age and education moderated some of these effects, particularly for Neuroticism and Conscientiousness. Overall, the results largely replicated Weisberg et al.'s findings, while also revealing meaningful contextual variations that highlight both the robustness and the context-dependence of gender differences in personality. • Gender differences in 10 personality aspects from a Brazilian sample ( N = 1200) • Weisberg et al. (2011) results partially replicated with cross-cultural divergences • Age and education significantly moderated several gender differences • Agreeableness and Neuroticism showed the largest gender differences • Aspect-level analyses clarified Big Five domain-level gender differences
Schirmer et al. (Thu,) studied this question.