CAT'S Theory: The Curved-Manifold Correction to the Proton Mass and the Dual-Branch Resolution of the Hubble Tension

Key Points

• This research aims to accurately determine the proton-electron mass ratio and explain the Hubble tension using CAT'S Theory.
• Proton-to-electron mass ratio calculated to eight significant figures.
• Analysis of the Hubble tension through a dual-branch structure in a lattice context.
• Investigation of correction factors as influenced by knot topology.
• Proton-to-electron mass ratio established as 1836.15267346, matching CODATA 2022 value at $3.6 \times 10^{-8}$ accuracy.
• Hubble tension explained as an effect of dual-branch admissibility on the canonical lattice with value $\Lambda = 312$.
• Curved-manifold correction identified as required for flat-lattice confinement triangle.