A Review on Lanthanum-Nickel-Based    Perovskite Catalysts for Catalytic Dry Reforming of Methane

Climate change and the depletion of fossil fuels are the main motives for hydrogen production. Hydrogen is considered a potential form of sustainable energy for daily energy use, and many processes, such as catalytic dry reforming of methane, can produce it. Catalytic dry reforming of methane is essential to hydrogen energy production, and many Ni-based catalysts are highly active in the reforming reaction but deactivate within hours due to carbon deposition and metal sintering. Among all the catalysts studied for catalytic dry reforming of methane, Lanthanum-Nickel-based perovskite catalysts have been considered particularly promising due to their good performance under reaction conditions. Different preparation methods for Lanthanum-Nickel-based perovskite catalysts can influence their surface area and porosity. Partial substitution of their cations also enhances catalytic activity and stability, while reducing coke formation. In addition, it enhances metal-support interactions, leading to smaller particle sizes, greater surface area, and improved crystallinity and dispersion. The support addition for this type of catalyst can produce an active perovskite catalyst with a high surface area and carbon resistance. As a result, this review provides a comprehensive overview of current developments and key future directions in Lanthanum-Nickel-based perovskite catalysts for the catalytic dry reforming of methane. The main components discuss catalyst synthesis methods, their structural characteristics, catalytic performance, mechanistic insights, and strategies to improve catalytic activity and stability. The effects of multiple parameters, including composition, morphology, and surface characteristics, on catalytic performance are critically assessed. In addition, challenges and future directions in the design and application of Lanthanum-Nickel-based perovskite catalysts for CDRM are outlined to provide a comprehensive overview and guidance for researchers and engineers working in catalysis and renewable energy.