/Si wafers and curved surfaces with excellent integrity and cleanliness, and present a semiautomated transfer production line. Leveraging the precise spatial control afforded by the self-supporting carrier film, we further achieve, for the first time in a wet-transfer process, the fabrication of bilayer graphene with precisely controlled twist angles using CVD-grown domains, a capability previously accessible only through small-area manual assembly techniques. This work highlights the potential for scalable mass production and extends readily to other two-dimensional materials such as hexagonal boron nitride. By transforming the transfer process from handling fragile, floating films to manipulating a robust, self-supporting composite, our method bridges the gap between lab-scale demonstration and industry-scale automation.
Guo et al. (Fri,) studied this question.